Present simple :

Simple present tense

The simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It is used to describe habits, unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed arrangements. The simple present tense is simple to form. Just use the base form of the verb: (I take, you take, we take, they take) The 3rd person singular takes an -s at the end. (he takes, she takes)

The simple present tense is used:

To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes:

I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city (general truth)

To give instructions or directions:

You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.

To express fixed arrangements, present or future:

Your exam starts at 09.00

To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as, until:

He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.

Be careful! The simple present is not used to express actions happening now.

Examples

For habits :

He drinks tea at breakfast.

She only eats fish.

They watch television regularly.

For repeated actions or events :

We catch the bus every morning.

It rains every afternoon in the hot season.

They drive to Monaco every summer.

For general truths :

Water freezes at zero degrees.

The Earth revolves around the Sun.

Her mother is Peruvian.

For instructions or directions :

Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.

You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.

For fixed arrangements :

His mother arrives tomorrow.

Our holiday starts on the 26th March

With future constructions :

She'll see you before she leaves.

We'll give it to her when she arrives.

Forming the simple present tense: to think

Notes on the simple present, third person singular

In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:

he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.

Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the infinitive of the verb.

He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.

Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:

fly --> flies, cry --> cries

Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:

play --> plays, pray --> prays

Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:

he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes

Examples

He goes to school every morning.

She understands English.

It mixes the sand and the water.

He tries very hard.

She enjoys playing the piano.