المرجع الالكتروني للمعلوماتية
المرجع الألكتروني للمعلوماتية

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parole (n.)  
  
867   04:45 مساءً   date: 2023-10-23
Author : David Crystal
Book or Source : A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics
Page and Part : 350-16


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parole (n.) 

A French term introduced into LINGUISTICS by Ferdinand de Saussure, to distinguish one of the senses of the word ‘LANGUAGE’ (the others being langage and LANGUE). It refers to the concrete UTTERANCES produced by individual speakers in actual situations, and is distinguished from langue, which is the collective LANGUAGE SYSTEM of a SPEECH community. An analogous term is PERFORMANCE.