المرجع الالكتروني للمعلوماتية
المرجع الألكتروني للمعلوماتية

English Language
عدد المواضيع في هذا القسم 6109 موضوعاً
Grammar
Linguistics
Reading Comprehension

Untitled Document
أبحث عن شيء أخر
النقل البحري
2024-11-06
النظام الإقليمي العربي
2024-11-06
تربية الماشية في جمهورية كوريا الشعبية الديمقراطية
2024-11-06
تقييم الموارد المائية في الوطن العربي
2024-11-06
تقسيم الامطار في الوطن العربي
2024-11-06
تربية الماشية في الهند
2024-11-06

أهداف القتال في الإسلام
23-10-2014
إخبار النبي بمقتل الحسين
28-3-2016
تأكيد المدح بما يشبه الذم
26-09-2015
الحالات المرضية البكتيرية : الحالة الحادية عشر
30-8-2016
إن الدين برنامج للتضحية بالنفس والنفيس
2024-08-09
الله عدو للكافرين
2024-08-13

articulatory phonetics  
  
764   08:45 صباحاً   date: 2023-05-31
Author : David Crystal
Book or Source : A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics
Page and Part : 36-1


Read More
Date: 2023-11-29 529
Date: 2023-11-21 537
Date: 2023-08-21 648

articulatory phonetics

The branch of PHONETICS which studies the way in which speech sounds are made (‘articulated’) by the VOCAL ORGANS. It derives much of its descriptive terminology from the fields of anatomy and physiology, and is sometimes referred to as physiological phonetics. This area has traditionally held central place in the training of phoneticians, the movements involved being reasonably accessible to observation and, in principle, under the control of the investigator. The classification of sounds used in the INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET, for example, is based on articulatory variables. In recent years, there has been much progress in the development of instrumental techniques for observing and measuring such factors as TONGUE, LIP, PALATE and VOCAL FOLD movement; examples include the palatograph, which displays tongue contact with the palate; the electro-aerometer, which measures the relative flow of air from mouth and nose; the ARTICULOMETER, which tracks simultaneously the movements of several articulators; and ELECTROMYOGRAPHY, for the measurement of muscular movement while speaking. Using such techniques, a far more detailed understanding of articulation is possible than using traditional visual and kinaesthetic methods.