Read More
Date: 6-9-2019
555
Date: 15-12-2016
2028
Date: 29-7-2018
3803
|
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
Salt Formation
Because of their enhanced acidity, carboxylic acids react with bases to form ionic salts, as shown in the following equations. In the case of alkali metal hydroxides and simple amines (or ammonia) the resulting salts have pronounced ionic character and are usually soluble in water. Heavy metals such as silver, mercury and lead form salts having more covalent character (3rd example), and the water solubility is reduced, especially for acids composed of four or more carbon atoms.
Carboxylic acids and salts having alkyl chains longer than six carbons exhibit unusual behavior in water due to the presence of both hydrophilic (CO2) and hydrophobic (alkyl) regions in the same molecule. Such molecules are termed amphiphilic (Gk. amphi = both) or amphipathic. Depending on the nature of the hydrophilic portion these compounds may form monolayers on the water surface or sphere-like clusters, called micelles, in solution.
|
|
دراسة: عدم ترتيب الغرفة قد يدل على مشاكل نفسية
|
|
|
|
|
علماء: تغير المناخ تسبب في ارتفاع الحرارة خلال موسم الحج
|
|
|
|
|
العتبة العباسية تطلق المؤتمر العلمي لأسبوع الإمامة باللغة الإنجليزية
|
|
|