Liouville,s Equation					
				 
				
					
						
						 المؤلف:  
						Calogero, F. and Degasperis, A					
					
						
						 المصدر:  
						Spectral Transform and Solitons: Tools to Solve and Investigate Nonlinear Evolution Equations.New York: North-Holland					
					
						
						 الجزء والصفحة:  
						...					
					
					
						
						22-6-2018
					
					
						
						2419					
				 
				
				
				
				
				
				
				
				
				
			 
			
			
				
				Liouville's Equation
The second-order ordinary differential equation
	
		
			  | 
			
			 (1) 
			 | 
		
	
is called Liouville's equation (Goldstein and Braun 1973; Zwillinger 1997, p. 124), as are the partial differential equations
	
		
			  | 
			
			 (2) 
			 | 
		
	
(Matsumo 1987; Zwillinger 1997, p. 133) and
	
		
			  | 
			
			 (3) 
			 | 
		
	
(Calogero and Degasperis 1982, p. 60; Zwillinger 1997, p. 133).
REFERENCES:
Calogero, F. and Degasperis, A. Spectral Transform and Solitons: Tools to Solve and Investigate Nonlinear Evolution Equations.New York: North-Holland, p. 60, 1982.
Goldstein, M. E. and Braun, W. H. Advanced Methods for the Solution of Differential Equations. NASA SP-316. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, p. 98, 1973.
Matsumo, Y. "Exact Solution for the Nonlinear Klein-Gordon and Liouville Equations in Four-Dimensional Euclidean Space." J. Math. Phys. 28, 2317-2322, 1987.
Zwillinger, D. Handbook of Differential Equations, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Academic Press, pp. 124 and 133, 1997.
				
				
					
					
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