

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners

Direct and Indirect speech


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
Health Promotion Perspectives for Adults with Learning Disabilities
المؤلف:
DEBRA FEARNS, JACKIE KELLY, PAUL MALORET, MALCOLM McIVER AND TRACEY-JO SIMPSON
المصدر:
Caring for People with Learning Disabilities
الجزء والصفحة:
P107-C7
2025-10-17
342
Health Promotion Perspectives for Adults with Learning Disabilities
KEY POINTS
• There is clear evidence that many healthcare needs of adults with learning disabilities remain unmet.
• There is low reporting of illnesses and symptoms among adults with learning disabilities, with the subsequent risk of misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment, or no treatment at all.
• A key aspect of the role of those who care for and support adults with learning disabilities is to convey health promotion messages at an appropriate level that the service user can understand.
• Women who have learning disabilities are less likely to undergo cervical smear tests than the general population.
It is known that adults with learning disabilities are more likely to have greater additional physical needs than the general population. For example, we know that adults with Down’s syndrome are at an increased risk of recurrent chest infections, congenital heart defects and anemia. Epilepsy is also present in one-third of adults with learning dis abilities, yet only 0.5 per cent of the general population have epilepsy (Department of Health 2001a). Adults with learning disabilities are also living to an older age, and hence developing associated age-related health needs.
Yet, there is clear evidence that many healthcare needs of adults with learning disabilities remain unmet, as highlighted by the National Health Service Executive (NHSE) paper, Signposts for Success and most recently in the government’s White Paper, Valuing People (Department of Health 2001a).
These unmet needs may be due to a number of factors, and include:
• communication difficulties;
• inability of carers to recognize the health needs of adults with learning disabilities;
• general practitioners (GPs) not understanding fully the healthcare needs of their patients who have learning disabilities;
• general ignorance about the specific healthcare needs of adults with learning disabilities;
• prejudice from carers and professionals towards adults with learning disabilities.
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