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Metal hydrides

المؤلف:  Peter Atkins, Tina Overton, Jonathan Rourke, Mark Weller, and Fraser Armstrong

المصدر:  Shriver and Atkins Inorganic Chemistry ,5th E

الجزء والصفحة:  639

2025-10-12

600

Metal hydrides

Key point: Many metal hydrides and complex metal hydrides such as alanates (hydridoaluminates), amides, and borohydrides release H2 when heated and are potential materials for hydrogen storage. Hydrogen forms metal hydrides by reaction with many metals and metal alloys (Section 10.6). In many cases this process can be reversed, liberating H₂ and regenerating the metal or alloy, by heating the (complex) metal hydride. These metal hydrides have an important safety advantage over pressurized or liquefied hydrogen (and many physisorbed hydrogen systems), that are also being considered for hydrogen storage, where rapid uncontrolled release of hydrogen could be a concern (Boxes 10.4, 13.3). For hydrogen storage applications compounds that contain hydrogen in combination with the light elements (such as Li, Be, Na, Mg, B, and Al) offer some of the most promising materials, particularly as H:M ratios can reach 2 or more. Simple metal hydride systems have been dealt with in the appropriate descriptive chemistry section of Chapters 10, 11 and 12, including discussion of the Group 1 and Group 2 hydrides. Here we expand on the chemistry of these compounds and the related complex metal hydrides.