الوضع الليلي
11:30:46 
2023-06-20 
1792
Scientists have discovered six new runaway stars racing across the Milky Way, and two hypervelocity stars, named J0927 and J1235, that are moving faster than any such object ever seen.
According to the new research, these record-breaking stars are traveling at an incredible speed of 5.1 million miles per hour (2,285 kilometers per second) and 3.8 million miles per hour (1,694 kilometers per second), respectively.
J0927 has the fastest orbiting speed ever around the sun, making it able to race between New York and Mississippi in less than a second if it were a terrestrial body. At this speed, an object can orbit the Earth 694 times in just one hour.
All four other stars are traveling at more than 2.2 million miles per hour (1,000 kilometers per second). These hypervelocity stars travel through the Milky Way so fast that they have the speed needed to escape the gravitational influence of our galaxy, also known as escape velocity.
"These stars are unusual because they travel much faster than normal stars in the Milky Way. And because they are faster than the galactic escape velocity, they will soon be launched into intergalactic space," team leader Karim El Badry of the Harvard/Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics told Space.org. We were looking for things like this, so we had some hope and expectation that they would exist, but their properties were different from what we expected."
The team behind the discovery believes that the incredible speed of these four stars could be the result of being launched by a specific type of cosmic explosion called a Type Ia supernova.
This also resulted in unusually high surface temperatures, which El Badry said surprised the team.
"They are also much hotter than normal stars, most likely as a result of their unusual formation history, which includes a supernova exploding right next to them," the astrophysicist explained.
Type Ia supernovae occur in binary systems that contain stellar remnants called white dwarfs, which form when stars such as the sun die, feeding on material from a companion star.
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