Bonferroni Correction
المؤلف:
Bonferroni, C. E.
المصدر:
"Il calcolo delle assicurazioni su gruppi di teste." In Studi in Onore del Professore Salvatore Ortu Carboni. Rome: Italy
الجزء والصفحة:
...
1-5-2021
3589
Bonferroni Correction
The Bonferroni correction is a multiple-comparison correction used when several dependent or independent statistical tests are being performed simultaneously (since while a given alpha value 
may be appropriate for each individual comparison, it is not for the set of all comparisons). In order to avoid a lot of spurious positives, the alpha value needs to be lowered to account for the number of comparisons being performed.
The simplest and most conservative approach is the Bonferroni correction, which sets the alpha value for the entire set of 
comparisons equal to 
by taking the alpha value for each comparison equal to 
. Explicitly, given 
tests 
for hypotheses 
(
) under the assumption 
that all hypotheses 
are false, and if the individual test critical values are 
, then the experiment-wide critical value is 
. In equation form, if
for 
, then
which follows from the Bonferroni inequalities.
REFERENCES:
Bonferroni, C. E. "Il calcolo delle assicurazioni su gruppi di teste." In Studi in Onore del Professore Salvatore Ortu Carboni. Rome: Italy, pp. 13-60, 1935.
Bonferroni, C. E. "Teoria statistica delle classi e calcolo delle probabilità." Pubblicazioni del R Istituto Superiore di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali di Firenze 8, 3-62, 1936.
Dewey, M. "Carlo Emilio Bonferroni: Life and Works." http://www.aghmed.fsnet.co.uk/bonf/bonf.html.
Miller, R. G. Jr. Simultaneous Statistical Inference. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991.
Perneger, T. V. "What's Wrong with Bonferroni Adjustments." Brit. Med. J. 316, 1236-1238, 1998.
Shaffer, J. P. "Multiple Hypothesis Testing." Ann. Rev. Psych. 46, 561-584, 1995.
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