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Other Metallodrugs

المؤلف:  Geoffrey A. Lawrance

المصدر:  Introduction to Coordination Chemistry

الجزء والصفحة:  P255-256

2026-04-01

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Other Metallodrugs

Although platinum drugs have a well-established place in the array of treatments used for cancer sufferers, they are not the only coordination complexes that exhibit activity. Another class of complexes under examination as anticancer drugs are those of titanium. One titanium (IV) anticancer drug budotitane ([Ti(bzac)₂(OEt)₂] Figure 9.4) has qualified for clinical trials, and a range of organometallic compounds such as titanocene dichloride (Figure 9.4) have shown promise. Ruthenium complexes are also under investigation as potential anticancer drugs. A gold (I) complex auranofin has been developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This is a typical linear two-coordinate complex of gold(I), with ‘soft’ S and P donors to match the ‘soft’ metal ion (Figure 9.4). The bulky ligands here promote compatibility in the bio-environment, and activity is influenced by the substituents on the RS− and R3P ligands. Gold complexes have also been examined for antimicrobial, antimalarial and anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) activity. A copper (II) complex (Figure 9.4) is effective as a competitive inhibitor of HIV-1. Vanadium compounds, mainly square pyramidal complexes of the type [O=V (O-R-O)₂] act as insulin mimetics with potential in diabetes control if toxicity issues can be overcome; one is in use as an orally-administered agent in animals. A pentagonal bipyramidal complex of manganese (II) [MnCl₂(N5)] where N5 is a pentaaza macrocycle with four amine nitrogen donors and one pyridine nitrogen donor acts as a

Figure 9.4

The structure of two titanium (IV) potential anticancer drugs the gold(I) arthritis drug auranofin, and a copper (II) HIV-1 protease inhibitor.

superoxide dismutase mimetic. The variety of complexes under study as potential drugs is astounding and suggests that more advances will be reported in the short-term future.