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Nitration, Reduction, and Diazotization

المؤلف:  A. Ravve

المصدر:  Principles of Polymer Chemistry

الجزء والصفحة:  603-604

2026-02-23

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Nitration, Reduction, and Diazotization

Nitration of polystyrene was originally carried out a long time ago [220]. A nitrating mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids dissolves the polymer and a nitro derivative forms at 50C within 3 h [221]:

The reaction is accompanied by a loss of molecular weight. Nitration of isotactic polystyrene yields a more crystalline product (about 1.6 NO2/ring) than the parent compound [222]. Here too, however, a loss in molecular weight accompanies the reaction [223]. Polystyrene can be nitrated under mild conditions using acetyl nitrate. The product contains approximately 0.6 nitro groups per each benzene ring [224]. The nitro groups of polynitrostyrene are reduced by phenyl hydrazine that acts as a hydrogen donor [225]:

Polyaminostyrene can undergo typical reactions of aromatic amines, such as diazotization [226]. The diazonium salt decomposes with ferrous ions to yield polymeric free-radicals: