Type of test Urine; microscopic

Normal findings

Negative: < 10,000 bacteria per milliliter of urine

Positive: > 100,000 bacteria per milliliter of urine

Test explanation and related physiology

Urine cultures and sensitivities are obtained to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria in patients with suspected UTIs. An important part of any routine culture is to assess the sensitivity of any bacteria that are growing in the urine to various antibiotics. The physician can then more appropriately recommend the correct antibiotic therapy.

Most often, UTIs are limited to the bladder. However, the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra can be the source of infection. All cultures should be performed before antibiotic therapy is initiated; otherwise the antibiotic may interrupt the growth of the organism in the laboratory. Most organisms require approximately 24 hours to grow in the laboratory, and a pre liminary report can be given at that time. Usually 48 to 72 hours is required for growth and identification of the organism. With DNA sequencing through PCR or nanopore technology, the infecting bacteria can be identified and antibiotic sensitivity can be available within 4 hours of testing, allowing effective antibiotic therapy to be instigated very soon after testing.

To save money, urine cultures are usually done only if the urinalysis suggests a possible infection (e.g., increased number of WBCs, bacteria, high pH, positive leukocyte esterase).

 Interfering factors

 • Contamination of the urine with stool, vaginal secretions, hands, or clothing will cause false-positive results.

* Drugs that may affect test results include antibiotics.

Procedure and patient care

 Before

* Explain to the patient the procedure for obtaining a clean catch (midstream) urine collection.

• Hold antibiotics until after specimen collection.

• Provide the patient with the necessary supplies.

During

• Note that a clean-catch or midstream urine collection is required for C&S testing. This requires meticulous cleansing of the urinary meatus with an antiseptic preparation to reduce contamination of the specimen by external organisms. Then the cleansing agent must be completely removed, or it will contaminate the urine specimen. The midstream collection is obtained by

1. Having the patient begin to urinate in a bedpan, urinal, or toilet and then stop urinating (this washes the urine out of the distal urethra)

2. Correctly positioning a sterile urine container, into which the patient voids 3 to 4 oz of urine

3. Capping the container

 4. Allowing the patient to finish voiding

• Note that urinary catheterization may be needed for patients unable to void.

• For patients with an indwelling urinary catheter, obtain a specimen by aseptically inserting a syringe into the sampling port on the catheter. (Usually the catheter tubing distal to the puncture site needs to be clamped for 15-30 minutes before the aspiration of urine to allow urine to fill the tubing. After the specimen is withdrawn, the clamp is removed.)

• Note that suprapubic aspiration of urine is a safe method of obtaining urine in neonates and infants. The abdomen is pre pared with an antiseptic, and a 25-gauge needle is inserted into the suprapubic area 1 inch above the symphysis pubis. Urine is aspirated into the syringe and then transferred to a sterile urine container.

 • Collect specimens from infants and young children in a dis posable pouch called a U bag. This bag has an adhesive backing around the opening to attach to the child.

• Note that for patients with a urinary diversion (e.g., an ileal conduit), catheterization should be done through the stoma. • Urine should not be collected from an ostomy pouch.

After

 • Transport the specimen to the laboratory immediately (at least within 30 minutes).

• Notify the physician of any positive results so that appropriate antibiotic therapy can be initiated.

 Abnormal findings

 UTI

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاب (دروس تمهيدية في الفقه – العبادات)

قسم الشؤون الطبية يشرع بتقديم لقاح الانفلونزا للمنتسبين

المجمع العلمي يختتم مسابقة العميد لحفظ القرآن الكريم في بغداد

لجنة البرامج المركزية تختتم فعاليات البرنامج المركزي الأسبوعي لمنتسبي العتبة العباسية المقدسة

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

عناصر منزلية قد تؤثر على الخصوبة وفرص الحمل

شكل الدماغ قد يتنبأ بخطر الخرف قبل سنوات

طريقة صينية بسيطة للوقاية من السكري

هل تساعد المانغو في الوقاية من السكري؟

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

رقم غامض ولا إنترنت.. متوجون بنوبل للطب لم يعلموا بفوزهم

"سيري" تحت المجهر.. تحقيق فرنسي جديد ضد شركة "آبل"

أميركيان وياباني يفوزون بجائزة نوبل للطب

تحول غير مسبوق.. إنستغرام تمنح مفاتيحها للمستخدمين

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

white blood cell scan (WBC scan, Inflammatory scan)

white blood cell count and differential count (WBC and differential, Leukocyte count)

vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D2 and D3 ; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2 D])

Basal Hormone Measurements of Testis

vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin and methylmalonic acid [MMA])

virus testing

viral cultures

Laboratory Investigations of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

varicella virus testing (Antibody testing for Varicella zoster virus, Varicella zoster virus [VZV], Herpes virus-3)

uroporphyrinogen-1-synthase

uric acid, blood, and urine

urea breath test (UBT, Helicobacter pylori breath test)