2:57:5 
2023-06-11 
515
Using two methods to print blood vessels with a 3D printer
For the first time, experts at the Center for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands managed to print blood vessels with a 3D printer, by combining two methods together.
Advanced Materials notes that the experts used volumetric bioprinting in combination with electroprinting using molten bioplastics.
It turns out that using volumetric printing technology, cellular structures can be quickly and easily created on a hydrogel base, to withstand the high bending and pressure that characterize blood vessels.
In order to solve this problem, the scientists first decided to print the structure using electroprinting, which is done by extruding thin strands of molten bioplastic. The solid base has withstood mechanical loads. Then, using volumetric bioprinting, the experts imprinted gel-impregnated cells over this structure, which were later developed into tissue.
The researchers tested different thicknesses of the structure, until they obtained tubes with a certain strength. They also tested different locations to apply the gels: the inner side of the structure, inside the structure itself, or outside. As a result, they are able to create complex structures: a network of blood vessels and arteries with venous valves, capable of maintaining blood flow in one direction. In the future, the researchers intend to replace the stem cells with functional cells that line normal arteries in order to create an exact replica of real blood vessels.
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