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Date: 21-11-2019
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Date: 9-10-2020
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Date: 23-10-2019
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Primary alcohols can be oxidized to either aldehydes or carboxylic acids depending on the reaction conditions. In the case of the formation of carboxylic acids, the alcohol is first oxidized to an aldehyde which is then oxidized further to the acid.
You need to use an excess of the oxidizing agent and make sure that the aldehyde formed as the half-way product stays in the mixture. The alcohol is heated under reflux with an excess of the oxidizing agent. When the reaction is complete, the carboxylic acid is distilled off. The full equation for the oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid is:
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هل يمكن للدماغ البشري التنبؤ بالمستقبل أثناء النوم؟
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علماء: طول الأيام على الأرض يزداد بسبب النواة الداخلية
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أجواء صلاة عيد الأضحى المبارك من العتبة العسكرية المقدسة
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